WORKING_HOURS

Calculate working hours between two datetimes

Formula definition

=ROUND(IF(start_datetime>end_datetime,-1,
  IF(
    working_hours_start<=working_hours_end,
    MAX(ARRAYFORMULA(SUM(IF(
      (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_end/24)>start_datetime)*
      (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)<end_datetime),
      (IF(
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_end/24))<
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0),
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_end/24)),
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0)
      ))-
      (IF(
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24))>
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0),
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)),
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0)
      )),
      0)
    ) * 24), -1),
    MAX(ARRAYFORMULA(SUM(IF(
      (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)<=end_datetime)*
      (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+1+(working_hours_end/24)>=start_datetime),
      (IF(
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+1+(working_hours_end/24))<
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0),
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+1+(working_hours_end/24)),
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0)
      ))-
      (IF(
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24))>
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0),
        (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)),
        SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0)
      )),
      0)
    ) * 24), -1)
  )
), 2)

Function details

This function calculates the number of working hours between two datetimes, taking into account the start and end times of the working day. It is useful for determining the duration of work shifts, project timelines, or other time-sensitive tasks that require tracking working hours. To use this function, input the start datetime ("start_datetime"), end datetime ("end_datetime"), start (e.g., 9 for 9:00 AM) and end (e.g., 17 for 5:00 PM) working hours as numbers. For "example": "WORKING_HOURS(A1, B1, 9, 17)". If there is no valid difference (for example, the end date is before the start date), it defaults to "-1". If your working hours are overnight (e.g., 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM), this is also supported by the function, for "example": "WORKING_HOURS(A1, B1, 22, 6)".

Use the inputs below to create WORKING_HOURS as a reusable custom function in Google Sheets.

Learn how to add custom functions to Google Sheets

Function name

WORKING_HOURS

Function description

Calculate working hours between two datetimes

Formula definition

=ROUND(IF(start_datetime>end_datetime,-1, IF( working_hours_start<=working_hours_end, MAX(ARRAYFORMULA(SUM(IF( (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_end/24)>start_datetime)* (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)<end_datetime), (IF( (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_end/24))< SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0), (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_end/24)), SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0) ))- (IF( (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24))> SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0), (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)), SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0) )), 0) ) * 24), -1), MAX(ARRAYFORMULA(SUM(IF( (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)<=end_datetime)* (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+1+(working_hours_end/24)>=start_datetime), (IF( (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+1+(working_hours_end/24))< SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0), (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+1+(working_hours_end/24)), SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,end_datetime,0) ))- (IF( (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24))> SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0), (SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,DATEVALUE(start_datetime))+(working_hours_start/24)), SEQUENCE(DATEVALUE(end_datetime)-DATEVALUE(start_datetime)+1,1,start_datetime,0) )), 0) ) * 24), -1) ) ), 2)

Argument placeholder

start_datetime

Argument placeholder

end_datetime

Argument placeholder

working_hours_start

Argument placeholder

working_hours_end

Argument details

Argument description (start_datetime)

The start datetime.

Argument example (start_datetime)

Argument description (end_datetime)

The end datetime.

Argument example (end_datetime)

Argument description (working_hours_start)

The start of working hours in 24-hour whole number format.

Argument example (working_hours_start)

Argument description (working_hours_end)

The end of working hours in 24-hour whole number format.

Argument example (working_hours_end)

Related functions

Other functions in the same category: Date & Time Operations

WEEKDAY_NAME

Returns the weekday name for a given date

Date & Time OperationsFormatting & Display

DATE_IN_RANGE

Determine if a date falls within a start and end date

Date & Time Operations

DATES_OVERLAP

Returns TRUE if two date ranges overlap

Date & Time Operations

IS_WEEKDAY

Returns TRUE if a date falls on Monday through Friday

Date & Time Operations

IS_WEEKEND

Returns TRUE if a date falls on Saturday or Sunday

Date & Time Operations

NEXT_WEEKDAY

Return the next date that matches a weekday number

Date & Time Operations

What is a named function in Google Sheets?

Named functions enable the creation of custom, reusable formulas that mimic built-in functions, streamlining calculations and data manipulations. These functions simplify complex formulas, making spreadsheets more readable and less prone to errors. By encapsulating intricate logic within a single function call, they enhance consistency across your data. Utilizing named functions reduces the need to write lengthy formulas repeatedly, thereby improving workflow efficiency and productivity in data analysis and management.

How to add custom functions to Google Sheets

Quick & dirty method

Download and import — fastest way to add the function but does not include argument descriptions and examples

Follow these simple steps to download and import a function into your spreadsheet. This method is the quickest and easiest way to add the named function to your Google Sheets document, but will not include the argument description and examples.

1
Download the formula: Click on the download button next to the function to download a file with the formula.
2
Open Google Sheets: Open your Google Sheets document, from the top menu select Data > Named functions. Click Import function.
3
Import the function: Select Upload and select the file you downloaded with the function. Click Import all or select which function(s) to import and click Import.

Once added, the function will be ready to use in your document like any other built-in function. Simply type the function name and provide the required inputs to use it in your calculations.

Manual & detailed method

Copy and paste — copy and paste each property one at a time

Follow these simple steps to integrate a custom named function into your spreadsheet:

1
Open Google Sheets: Open your Google Sheets document, from the top menu select Data > Named functions. Click Add new function.
2
Enter the function details: For each input copy and paste the information for the function.
- Copy the name of the function to the Function name input.
- Copy the description of the function to the Function description input.
- Copy each placeholder one at a time into the Argument placeholders input, if there are any placeholders.
- Copy the formula of the function to the Formula definition input.
Click Next.
3
Add additional details: Optionally you can add a description and example for the placeholders.
4
Save the function: Click Create to add the function to your document.

Once added, the function will be ready to use in your document like any other built-in function. Simply type the function name and provide the required inputs to use it in your calculations.

Tips

If you import a named function that has the same name as a named function that already exists in your active file, the imported one will override the existing named function.
If the named function that you selected to import depends on another named function, like formula definition, Google Sheets will warn you about that dependency and highlight the dependent functions.
If the named function that you selected to import uses a formula that interacts with an external source, like IMAGE, Google Sheets will warn you about that interaction.